Introduction

The Christian faith has presided over Moravia for centuries, shaping the region through various religious movements. Its roots trace back to the 9th-century Greek saints Cyril and Methodius, who introduced Christianity to the Slavic peoples. The Czech lands—Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia—later became a cradle of early Protestant thought, nearly a century before the Protestant Reformation. These teachings were first introduced by Moravian-born Jan Hus (d. 1415), who inspired the Hussite movement that continued through a period of tolerance until the end of the 17th century. 
 
Moravia returned to a predominantly Catholic faith following the beginning of the Thirty Years War, most significantly following the Battle of White Mountain in 1621. Joža Uprka’s paintings reflect depictions of traditional religious observances and festivals, including Advent, Easter, Pentecost, and pilgrimages dedicated to St. Anthony. His representations of piety are not only evident in his model’s gestures of prayer, but in their traditional attire as well. Worn as their Sunday best, their krojs represent their devotion and joyful celebration. Through his representations of piety, Uprka combines religious ritual with regional identity, suggesting that faith and folk tradition were inseparable facets of cultural life.  
 
Uprka’s paintings, particularly his murals, remain visible throughout Moravia, including the site of his burial in the Church of St. John the Baptist in Kněždub, as well as the City Hall of Uherské Hradiště. 

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